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1. Pi Kappa Alpha Secret Password
2. Pi Kappa Alpha Reputation Meaning
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Pi Kappa Alpha: Delta Xi Chapter. Delta Xi is the Indiana University Chapter of the Pi Kappa Alpha International Fraternity. Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ), commonly known as PIKE, is a college fraternity founded at the University of Virginia in 1868. The fraternity has over 225 chapters and colonies across the United States and abroad with over 15,500 undergraduate members and 295,000 lifetime initiates.

Pi Kappa Phi (ΠΚΦ) commonly known as Pi Kapp, is an American Greek Letter secret and social fraternity. It was founded by Andrew Alexander Kroeg Jr., Lawrence Harry Mixson, and Simon Fogarty Jr. on December 10, 1904 at the College of Charleston in Charleston, South Carolina. The fraternity has 187 active chapters (168 chartered chapters and 19 associate chapters),^[1][2] and more than 113,000 initiated members.^[1][3]

Pi Kappa Phi's mission statement is 'To create an uncommon and lifelong brotherhood that develops leaders and encourages service to others for the betterment of our communities.' The fraternity's vision statement is 'A future where every Pi Kappa Phi embraces his role as a leader, puts service before self and improves the world around him.'^[4]

Pi Kappa Phi operates in four entities: Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity, Pi Kappa Phi Foundation, The Ability Experience, and Pi Kappa Phi Properties. Pi Kappa Phi operates its own philanthropy, The Ability Experience (formerly known as Push America), which works with individual chapters to serve people with disabilities.^[5]

• 1History

History[edit]

Nu Phi[edit]

Pi Kappa Phi was founded in 1904 by Andrew Alexander Kroeg Jr., a 19-year-old senior at the college; Simon Fogarty Jr., a 17-year-old junior; and Lawrence Harry Mixson, a 16-year-old sophomore. All three of the men were from Charleston.

In 1904, the College of Charleston was a small, municipal college. The all-male college was the first municipal college in the country, and the thirteenth oldest educational institution in the United States.^[6] The school had a campus literary society called the Chrestomathics, which held activities such as debates. The college's monthly magazine was staffed by the officers of the Chrestomathics, forming the equivalent of a modern-day student government.

The three men set a goal to obtain officer positions within the Chrestomathic Literary Society. At that time, the organization was dominated by the three chapters of national fraternities on campus. All fraternity men were sworn to vote for their candidates, making it virtually impossible for any non-fraternity men to win election.

Kroeg, Mixson, Fogarty, and a group of their friends, all non-fraternity men, began forming an opposition party. Several meetings were held at Mixson's home on Wentworth Street leading to the formation of Nu Phi, which stood for 'non-fraternity.' The group of 15 men developed an opposing slate and began campaigning. Nu Phi adopted the outline of a hand as its secret symbol. A sketched hand on a classroom chalkboard signified an upcoming meeting. Inside the hand was written the meeting time and the host's last name.

The Nu Phi group assigned a member to kidnap those who might vote for the fraternity ticket on election day. However, the Nu Phi ticket lost the elections. Later, it was revealed that several disloyal members cast their votes for the opposing fraternity slate. Kroeg, determined to see his friends have a chance at winning elections, decided that the only way to gain the influence of the fraternity men on campus was to begin his own fraternity.^[7]

Founding[edit]

On December 10, 1904, a meeting of the loyal Nu Phis was held at Fogarty's home at 90 Broad Street to establish a new fraternity. There were seven men in attendance at the meeting: Kroeg, Fogarty, Mixson, Anthony Pelzer Wagener, Thomas F. Mosimann, Theodore ('Teddy') Barnwell Kelley, and James Fogarty (Simon's younger brother). All of the original members were students at the college and had grown up together in Charleston.^[7]

Wagener, who was a student of Greek and Latin, recommended the letters Pi Kappa Phi and their secret meaning as the official new name of the group. Simon proposed the design of the fraternity's pin, a black enamel diamond with the Greek letters ΠΚΦ engraved in gold with a star and lamp as additional elements. Kroeg was selected as the new chapter's first president, which was termed 'Archon', from the Greek term. He then began work on a constitution for chapter. The group quickly set out to recruit new members to its ranks.^[7]

On December 10, 1905, the first anniversary of the fraternity's founding, Mixson's mother cooked the men a special dinner in her home to celebrate a successful first year as a fraternity. The fraternity celebrate that date as 'Founders Day' with a dinner or a similar ceremony. In 1906 Mixson and Wagener wrote the fraternity's initiation ritual as the 'highest ideals of Christian manhood'.^[7]

Expansion[edit]

That same year, the group was offered a charter from another U.S. fraternity. Instead, they chose to expand and create more Pi Kappa Phi chapters. A second chapter ('Beta Chapter') was formed at Presbyterian College on March 9, 1907. Due to a state law banning fraternities at state supported schools, Presbyterian College and the College of Charleston were the only two South Carolina schools where fraternities were allowed. A third chapter was formed at the University of California, Berkeley, which was the first chapter to obtain a house.

Kroeg developed 'Articles of Incorporation' and the name Pi Kappa Phi became legally registered in the state of South Carolina on December 23, 1907.

The interest in Pi Kappa Phi within South Carolina was growing despite laws and policies banning fraternities. In 1909, Delta Chapter at Furman University formed and operated in secret until state laws changed, allowing fraternal organizations. In 1910, a charter was granted to Sigma Chapter at the University of South Carolina and the chapter was operated as the Sigma Club due to the laws banning fraternities.^[7]

The Star and Lamp[edit]

The Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity Journal was begun in 1909, with Henry Wagener as editor. In 1911, the name was changed to the Star & Lamp.^[7]

Controversies[edit]

In 2017, the fraternity at Central Michigan University was suspended indefinitely by the university for failure to adhere to previous sanctions.^[8]

In July 2017, the Alpha chapter at the College of Charleston was suspended by the college following a probe investigating allegations of drug and alcohol use, hazing, and the alleged beating of a student. The fraternity is forbidden from recolonizing the campus until Fall 2019.^[9]

In November 2017, a Florida State University (FSU) student named Andrew Coffey was found unresponsive the morning after an unaffiliated off campus house party. Coffey, a Pi Kappa Phi fraternity pledge, was given medical treatment in an attempt to resuscitate, but died soon thereafter. After his death, FSU suspended all 58 fraternities and sororities on campus, and banned alcohol from student events.^[10][11]

In 2016, the fraternity at the University of South Florida (USF) was suspended after a 16 year old girl was raped while she was unconscious in the fraternity's house. The girl was visiting the campus and decided to attend the fraternity's house party. A fraternity member confessed to the rape and was arrested.^[12] A few months prior to the rape incident at USF, another rape charge involving the fraternity at Purdue University went public. The night of the incident, the victim contacted the local police department to notify them that she was raped at the fraternity's off-campus house and the police immediately placed the fraternity under investigation. The campus and local community were notified of the rape to admonish young women in the area and receive help resolving the case.^[13]

In 2016, the fraternity at the Miami University was suspended for multiple hazing and alcohol violations.^[14]

In 2016, four fraternity members at Radford University were arrested for hospitalizing a pledge after a hazing ritual.^[15]

In 2015, the chapter at Pennsylvania State University was shut down for hazing pledges, alcohol abuse, and disorderly conduct.^[16] It was re-colonized in the spring of 2018.

In Spring 2015, the fraternity at the Elon University was kicked off the campus until 2017 for hazing and hosting an unapproved event.^[17]

An alleged pledge notebook of Pi Kappa Phi's North Carolina State University chapter was found in Raleigh. It contained numerous racist statements and comments about raping women and girls. The national organization placed the chapter on an interim suspension. NCSU suspended all social events at the chapter that involved alcohol.^[18][19]

A student pledging the California State University, Northridge chapter of Pi Kappa Phi died in the summer of 2014 during a mandatory 18-mile hike in what his family alleges was a hazing ritual.^[20] Nineteen-year-old Armando Villa died during the trip to the Angeles National Forest. Villa's family reported that other boys on the hike said they were 'left barefoot with very little water to share between the boys, and no cellphones, and to find their way out of the forest.'^[21] The police reported that the fraternity was cooperating with the police investigation and that chapter activities had been suspended until the investigation concluded.^[22] In September 2014, the University announced that the national and local chapters of the Pi Kappa Phi fraternity voted to withdraw permanently from the university.^[23] The fraternity is being sued by Villa's family.

In December 2013, two Pi Kappa Phi members were arrested and charged with harassment at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. The fraternity members were retaliating against a former pledge who reported to school officials physical and verbal abuse he experienced while he was seeking to join the fraternity.^[24]

In 2012, the fraternity at the University of North Florida was suspended after asking a pledge to vandalize the campus and offering him marijuana.^[25]

In 2010, the fraternity at the University of Georgia (UGA) was suspended after a father of a pledge wrote an anonymous letter to UGA's Greek Life Office detailing the abusive hazing rituals his son endured in order to be fully welcomed into the fraternity.^[26]

In 2000, the California State University, Chico chapter was dissolved and later permanently banned after the alcohol-related hazing death of freshman student Adrian Heideman.^[27] In response to Heideman's death the national chapter created an alcohol-awareness video for distribution to all members, 'The Choice Is Yours.' ^[28]

Alumni[edit]

Chapters[edit]

As of 2013 Pi Kappa Phi reports having over 113,000 members.^[1] Pi Kappa Phi has granted 231 charters, with an average chapter size of 55. There are 160 active chartered chapters plus 19 associate chapters (colonies).^[1][2]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

• Sheetz, George; Leake, Howard; Buffington, Perry; Timmes, Mark; Owen, Durward; de Palma, Leonard (2004). 'The Brotherhood: History of Pi Kappa Phi (1904-2004)'. Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity.Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
• Erickson, Evan; Sullivan, TJ (2002). 'The White Diamond of Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity: A Guide to Brotherhood'. Charlotte, North Carolina: Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity.Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

1. ^ ^abcdefg'Basic Information: By the numbers'. Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
2. ^ ^abc'Chapter Locator'. Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity. Retrieved 18 February 2013.; as revised/updated by: 'Expansion Calendar'. Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
3. ^'Pi Kapp Facts'. Archived from the original on 20 August 2009.
4. ^'Our Mission & Vision'. Pi Kappa Phi. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
5. ^'Journey of hope'. Push America. Retrieved 2007-12-17.^{[permanent dead link]}
6. ^'A Brief History of the College - College of Charleston'. www.cofc.edu. Retrieved 2018-09-25.
7. ^ ^abcdef'Non fraternity'. Pi Kappa Phi. Archived from the original on 2008-10-30. Retrieved 2007-12-17.
8. ^Sheffield, Paige (November 11, 2017). 'Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity suspended indefinitely'. Central Michigan Life. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
9. ^Yee, Gregory. 'Five College of Charleston fraternities shut down within a year, Pi Kappa Phi shutters doors after misconduct investigation'. The Post and Courier. Evening Post Industries. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
10. ^Dobson, Byron (November 6, 2017). 'Florida State University bans Greek life after student death'. USA Today. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
11. ^Lee, Kurtis (November 15, 2017). 'So what's behind the recent fraternity hazing incidents on college campuses nationwide?'. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
12. ^Edwards, Stassa. 'USF Suspends Pi Kappa Phi Chapter During Investigation Into Rape of 16-Year-Old Girl'. jezebel.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
13. ^'Rape reported at Purdue University fraternity'. jconline.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
14. ^'Miami U suspends 2 fraternities for hazing'. cincinnati.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
15. ^O'Meara, Eamon. 'Four Radford University fraternity brothers arrested on hazing charges'. wdbj7.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
16. ^'Another Penn State fraternity suspended after hazing investigation'. pennlive.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
17. ^'Elon shuts down fraternity through 2017'. wxii12.com. 22 March 2015. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
18. ^'NC State, Pi Kappa Phi decry 'unacceptable and offensive' book>'. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
19. ^'Fraternity Suspended Over Notebook Detailing Rape And Lynching>'. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
20. ^'Family sues after fraternity pledge's death on hazing hike'. Retrieved 2015-08-13.
21. ^'Family of CSUN Student Who Died on Fraternity Trip Wants Justice: 'They Left Him There to Die''. NBC LA.'Cal State Northridge fraternity pledge dies after alleged 'hazing' hike'. LATimes.
22. ^Greig, Alex (July 3, 2014). ''Fraternity hazing ritual' blamed for death of student, 19, who was found without shoes or cell phone in forest'. Daily Mail UK.
23. ^Owens, Caitlin; Vives, Ruben (September 5, 2014) 'Cal State Northridge fraternity shuts after pledge's death' Los Angeles Timeshttp://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-csun-fraternity-closing-pledge-death-20140905-story.html
24. ^'Knoxville News Sentinel'. Knoxville News Sentinel. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
25. ^'UNF suspends Pi Kappa Phi fraternity for hazing'. www.news4jax.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
26. ^@EricaTecho, Erica Techo. 'The other side of the paddle: One sorority member talks hazing, racism in Greek life'. redandblack.com. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
27. ^http://www.farmhouse.org/pdf/FRMT.pdf
28. ^Pi Kappa Phi (1 September 2010). 'The Choice Is Yours'. Retrieved 23 March 2018 – via YouTube.

External links[edit]

Pi Kappa Alpha (ΠΚΑ), commonly known as PIKE, is a college fraternity founded at the University of Virginia in 1868. The fraternity has over 225 chapters and colonies across the United States and abroad with over 15,500 undergraduate members and 295,000 lifetime initiates.

The fraternity's vision statement is 'To set the standard of integrity, intellect, and achievement for our members, host institutions, and the communities in which we live.'^[3]

• 4Foundation and educational programs

History[edit]

Pi Kappa Alpha was founded on March 1, 1868, at 47 West Range (The Range) at the University of Virginia by six graduate students: Robertson Howard, Julian Edward Wood, James Benjamin Sclater Jr., Frederick Southgate Taylor, Littleton Waller Tazewell Bradford and William Alexander.^[4] On March 1, 1869, exactly one year after the Alpha chapter at the University of Virginia was formed, the Beta chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha was founded at Davidson College.^[5] Theta chapter, at Rhodes College, took over the responsibilities of Alpha chapter when the Fraternity was in decline in its infancy. John Shaw Foster, a junior founder from Theta chapter, helped to reestablish Alpha chapter at the University of Virginia. Theta chapter is the longest continual running chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha, having been founded in 1878. After almost a decade of decline, Pi Kappa Alpha was 're-founded' as part of the Hampden–Sydney Convention, held in a dorm room at Hampden–Sydney College. The four delegates to the Hampden–Sydney Convention are referred to as the Junior Founders. Pi Kappa Alpha was not originally organized as a sectional fraternity, however by constitutional provision it became so in 1889.^[6] It remained a southern fraternity until the New Orleans Convention in 1909 when Pi Kappa Alpha officially declared itself a national organization.^[7]

Like many other social fraternities at the time, Pi Kappa Alpha limited its membership to white men. The race restriction was removed in 1964.^[8]

Rituals[edit]

Its rituals are based on Independent Order of Odd Fellows.^[9]

Shield & Diamond[edit]

Shield & Diamond is the official quarterly publication of Pi Kappa Alpha. It was first printed in December 1890 by Robert Adger Smythe, the then Grand Secretary and Treasurer, under the name The Pi Kappa Alpha Journal. The name was changed to Shield & Diamond in 1891.^[7]

Foundation and educational programs[edit]

Pike University[edit]

Pike University is the name used for all of the fraternity's leadership programs. The program is administered by the fraternity's professional staff.^[10]Founded in 1948 as a 501(c)(3) tax exempt organization for charitable, literary & educational purposes. Events held by the university include International Convention, the Academy, the Chapter Executives Conference, and several regional Leadership Summits. Pike University grants more than $100,000 in scholarships each year.

The Pike Foundation[edit]

In 1948, Pi Kappa Alpha established and chartered the 'Pi Kappa Alpha Memorial Foundation' as a 501(c)(3) organization.^[11] The foundation grants $350,000 in scholarships and grants to undergraduate members each year. It also provides funding to the fraternity and its chapters for leadership programs, scholarships, and chapter house facilities. The foundation grants initiation fee scholarships to undergraduates inducted into Phi Beta Kappa, Omicron Delta Kappa, Order of Omega, Phi Kappa Phi, and Tau Beta Pi honoraries.^[7][12] The Pike Foundation also maintains and operates the Memorial Headquarters in Memphis, Tennessee. This facility houses professional staffs, the Harvey T. Newell Library, and the Freeman Hart Museum.^[13] The building is a war memorial built in 1988 to recognize the military services of members who died in the line of duty.^[13] A Gold Star Memorial was dedicated on August 1, 2008.^[13][14][15]

Controversies and sexual assault cases[edit]

In 1976, Samuel Mark Click, a pledge at Texas Tech University, was killed participating in a scavenger hunt as part of a hazing event. He was trying to collect a letter that was under a railroad tie when he was hit by a train.^[16]

In 1988, three Pi Kappa Alpha members at Florida State University were charged in the sexual battery of a freshman female student. The victim was left in the hallway of another fraternity house.^[17] The case made national headlines for weeks.^[18] The fraternity members all struck plea deals,^[19] and the fraternity was banned from the school for twelve years. Pi Kappa Alpha was allowed to return to the school in 2000 despite strong protests.^[20]

In 1988, several members of Pi Kappa Alpha were arrested for a sexual assault that took place at Stetson University.^[17]

In 2002, Albert Santos, a pledge at the University of Nevada at Reno, drowned in a lake participating in a hazing ritual. He and several pledges were told to swim in a lake in their underwear but Santos could not swim. The fraternity was banned from the campus after his death. Santos' family sued the university and fraternity for negligence.^[21][21]

In 2007, the chapter at the University of Central Florida was shut down after the fraternity racked up more than 20 misconduct and hazing violations.^[17][22]

In 2008, 10 Pike members were arrested at Tulane University for pouring boiling hot water on pledges. The chapter was also accused of drugging and sexually assaulting several female students at the fraternity's annual bacchanal.^[23]

Florida International University suspended the fraternity in 2013 after the discovery of photos on Facebook of hazing and drug deals, as well as sexually explicit photos of women taken without their consent.^[24][25][26]

The UNC-Charlotte chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha was suspended after student placed in IC for alcohol-related hazing in 2013.^[27] In 2014 a county judge dismissed charges against three members, and found the fourth not guilty. The university found the fraternity guilty of hazing, and suspended its charter for eight years.^[28]

In 2010, the chapter at Cornell University was placed on suspension for four years “due to its history of alcohol and hazing-related infractions over several years, which culminated in a Jan. 22, 2010, incident involving underage and high-risk drinking,” according to the Cornell Chronicle. The chapter was suspended again in March 2017 for violating university rules.^[29]

In October 2012, the fraternity was suspended at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville following the hospitalization of a member for alcohol poisoning due to alleged 'butt-chugging'.^[30]

In 2012, Pi Kappa Alpha pledge David Bogenberger died of a cardiac arrhythmia triggered by alcohol poisoning. According to police, Bogenberger and other pledges at an unsanctioned Northern Illinois University event were pressured into drinking large quantities of alcohol in a two-hour time.^[31] Bogenberger and 18 other pledges drank to unconsciousness. Five fraternity officers and 17 other members were convicted of misdemeanors in one of the largest hazing prosecutions in U.S. history. The chapter was suspended by the fraternity.^[32]

In 2014, the leaders of the fraternity's University of Arkansas chapter were asked to resign following an unauthorized Martin Luther King, Jr. Day party that incorporated racist stereotypes.^[33][34]

In April 2014, the fraternity lost its charter at the University of Virginia due to hazing pledges,^[35] however the school and the national fraternity agreed to let the chapter return for fall 2014 under an agreement that moved most Juniors and Seniors to early Alumni status and appointed a board of local fraternity alumni to oversee the group.^[36]

Pi Kappa Alpha Secret Password

In 2015, the former fraternity chapter president at Utah State University was charged with forcible sexual abuse, a felony, after allegedly inappropriately touching a female fellow student passed out at a party.^[37]

In 2015, one member and four pledges of Pi Kappa Alpha from the University of Mississippi were arrested and charged with assault for leaving a Sigma Pi fraternity member with a concussion, broken ear drum, and broken teeth after a violent beating.^[38] The Pi Kappa Alpha member and pledges were trying to steal a donkey statue from the Sigma Pi house as part of a fraternity initiation task before the fight. The students involved were dismissed/expelled from the fraternity.^[39]

In March 2015, the chapter at the University of South Carolina was suspended after a Pike member was found dead in a private home near campus that had beer kegs and St. Patrick Day decorations on the porch. The Richland County Coroner's Office called it a 'suspicious death'.^[40]

Pi Kappa Alpha Reputation Meaning

In November 2016, the chapter at Louisiana State University placed itself voluntary suspension after a woman reported to authorities she was a victim of sexual battery by an unidentified white man in the backyard of the fraternity house during a 'PIKE's Peak' party.^[41] However, the school's investigation of the chapter was closed in early December due to insufficient evidence and lack of contact with the victim.^[42]

In March 2017, a Harris County Grand Jury indicted the University of Houston chapter for extreme hazing. Their pledges were severely deprived from adequate water, food, and sleep, and one was body slammed resulting in a lacerated spleen. The chapter was placed under suspension until 2023 and given a $10,000 fine.^[43]

In May 2017, the chapter at California State University, Chico was charged with illegally cutting down 32 trees in the Lassen National Forest during an initiation of new pledges. They were also charged with possession of a firearm and conspiracy to commit offense or defraud the United States. The chapter was placed on suspension pending the outcome of the federal investigation.^[44] In October 2017, the chapter was sentenced to 9,800 hours of community service and a $4,000 fine after pleading guilty to cutting down and damaging trees in the Lassen National Forest by the U.S. District Court.^[45]

On October 2, 2017 the chapter at Kennesaw State University was issued a cease and desist order by the university administration for repeatedly violating the student codes of conduct.^[46]

In September 2017, the chapter at Iowa State University was suspended for misuse of alcoholic beverages, and for failure to appear at a university adjudication. The suspension was lifted on August 20, 2018.^[47]

In the fall of 2017, the chapter at University of Massachusetts Amherst was indefinitely suspended for hazing allegations. Members of the chapter were procuring alcohol for a minor during a hazing ritual which led to hospitalization due to alcohol poisoning.^[48]

In March 2018, the chapter at Southern Methodist University was suspended for four and a half years for hazing of pledges that included forcing them to drink alcohol, and forcing them to eat foods like onions and habanero peppers and drink milk. The Kappa Alpha Order and Phi Gamma Delta fraternities at SMU had also been recently suspended for similar offenses before the Pikes were.^[49][50]

List of Pi Kappa Alpha brothers[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'404 Page Not Found - Pikes.org'. www.pikes.org. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
2. ^'2013-2014 Year in Review'. Retrieved 2015-03-01.
3. ^'Values, Position & Relationship Statements'. Pikes.org. Pi Kappa Alpha International Fraternity. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
4. ^Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 'Founding History'. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
5. ^Beta chapter, Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 'A History of Beta'. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
6. ^'Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities'. Alcolm Company. 26 March 2018. Retrieved 26 March 2018 – via Google Books.
7. ^ ^abcGarnet & Gold Pledge Guide (15th ed.). Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 1970.
8. ^Hughey, Matthew W (Winter–Spring 2006). 'Black, White, Greek...Like Who?: Howard University Student Perceptions of a White Fraternity on Campus'(PDF). Educational Foundations. 20 (1–2): 9–35. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
9. ^Hodapp, Christopher; Kannon, Alice Von (4 February 2011). 'Conspiracy Theories and Secret Societies For Dummies'. John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved 26 March 2018 – via Google Books.
10. ^Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 'About Pike University'. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
11. ^'404 Page Not Found - Pikes.org'. www.pikes.org. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
12. ^Folmsbee, Stanley (1960). History of Tennessee, Volume 4. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 838.
13. ^ ^abcPi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 'About Memorial Headquarters'. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
14. ^Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity. 'Fast Facts'. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
15. ^United States of America Congressional Record 111th Congress, Vol. 155 - Part 7. Government of United States. 2009. p. 9673.
16. ^Hank Nuwer (2001). Wrongs of Passage: Fraternities, Sororities, Hazing, and Binge Drinking. Indiana University Press. pp. 320–. ISBN0-253-21498-X.
17. ^ ^abcMiller, Michael E. (22 August 2013). 'Pi Kappa Alpha Has a History of Suspensions in Florida, Including for Alleged Rape'. miaminewtimes.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
18. ^Basu, Moni (November 16, 2014). 'Ghosts of rape past: Can a survivor find solace in return to the crime scene?'. CNN. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
19. ^Davidson, Tom (May 17, 1990). 'As Trial Starts, Man Pleads No Contest in FSU Sex Attack'. Sun Sentinel. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
20. ^Hauserman, Julie (February 26, 2000). 'Banished FSU fraternity invited back'. St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
21. ^ ^abPress, Associated. 'Parents of Drowned UNR Student File Lawsuit'. kolotv.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
22. ^'Fraternity disbanded at UCF amid allegations'. orlandosentinel.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
23. ^'Suspended Tulane frat's reputation is hardly brotherly'. nola.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
24. ^Miller, Michael E. (29 August 2013). 'FIU Suspends Frat After Facebook Posts Reveal Drug Deals, Hazing, and Creep Shots'. Miami New Times. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
25. ^Vasquez, Michael (21 August 2013). 'FIU suspends Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity over Facebook posts'. Miami Herald. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
26. ^Chen, Tina (24 August 2013). 'Fraternity Probed for Alleged Drug Dealing on Facebook'. ABC News. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
27. ^Becker, Mark (30 September 2013). 'UNCC fraternity accused of hazing after teen lands in intensive care'. WSOCTV. Retrieved 13 January 2014.
28. ^Becker, Mark. 'Judge dismisses charges against 3 UNCC frat members'. WSOCTV (August 12, 2014). Retrieved May 10, 2015.
29. ^'Cornell Suspends Third Fraternity in Just Over One Month - The Cornell Daily Sun'. cornellsun.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
30. ^'Fraternity known for butt-chugging is 'suspended indefinitely' at Tennessee'. Retrieved 2014-07-08.
31. ^Burnett, Sarah (2012-12-18). 'Hazing At Fraternity: 22 Pi Kappa Alpha Members Charged After Student Dies'. Huffington Post.
32. ^Vitello, Barbara (May 8, 2015). 'Father of NIU frat hazing victim tells 22 convicted, 'You left him alone to die''. Daily Herald. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
33. ^Maher, Emily (26 February 2014). 'Frat president reacts to accusations of racially-themed party'. KHBS Ft. Smith/Fayetteville. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
34. ^Leyenberger, Kyle; Gilleece, Erin (27 February 2014). 'UA Frat Sanctioned After 'Disrespectful' MLK Party'. NWAHomepage.com. Nexstar Broadcasting. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
35. ^'Two UVa fraternities lose charters in wake of hazing; one says it will appeal'. dailyprogress.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
36. ^Progress, Derek Quizon The (Charlottesville) Daily. 'Pi Kappa Alpha takes steps toward reinstatement at UVa'. roanoke.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
37. ^'Fraternity chapter ceases operations at USU after former president accused of sexual abuse'. fox13now.com. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
38. ^'5 Ole Miss students face charges for involvement in alleged hazing'. usatoday.com. 23 October 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
39. ^Amy, Jeff (October 23, 2015). 'Ole Miss: Fraternity brother, pledges charged in assault were trying to steal donkey statue'. U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
40. ^'Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity Suspended: USC Member Found Dead After St. Patrick's Day Party'. ibtimes.com. 18 March 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
41. ^Reports, Staff. 'UPDATE: PIKE fraternity voluntarily suspends upcoming activities after report of alleged sexual assault'. lsunow.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
42. ^Saacks, Evan. 'LSU closes sexual battery investigation into Pi Kappa Alpha'. lsunow. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
43. ^Team, HPM Digital (14 December 2017). 'Harris County Grand Jury Indicts Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity For Hazing - Houston Public Media'. houstonpublicmedia.org. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
44. ^'Frat charged for damaging national forest during hazing'. nypost.com. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
45. ^'Chico State fraternity sentenced in tree-cutting episode'. mercurynews.com. 17 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
46. ^'KSU fraternity given cease and desist order - Atlanta: News, Weather and Traffic'. wsbradio.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
47. ^Muller, Sarah. 'Pi Kappa Alpha suspended, Phi Sigma Pi sanctioned by Office of Student Conduct'. Iowa State Daily. Iowa State Daily Media Group. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
48. ^https://www.gazettenet.com/National-organization-suspends-UMass-fraternity-20411933
49. ^FOX. 'SMU's Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity suspended after hazing discovered'. KDFW.
50. ^'SMU's Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity suspended after hazing investigation'. Dallas News. 26 March 2018.

External links[edit]

Pi Kappa Alpha Store